When you start your Mac, it reads
thousands of
files from your disk, copy some of them into RAM, and
calls a number of programs. Out of these launched programs, most run
in the background.
Beyond just Mac OS X files, the process may
also
launch some third-party software.
After your OS X booted, the login
process begins. It may happen either automatically or may ask for
username and password. Either way, Mac OS X loads
and runs still
more programs than shown in
the Login Items list in the Users &
Groups pane (for OS X 10.7 and later) / Accounts pane prior to 10.7
Lion) of System Preferences
.
Usually the whole process takes less
than 30 seconds. If your machine is taking too much time than what is
said then you must look into some factors to fix the issue.
Disk speed: Because there are
too many files to be read, the data transfer speed of disk matters.
In general, hard
disks higher
rotational speeds are faster (SSDs
are the fastest) and recommended.
Directory health: Directory is
a set of
special files in a disk that keeps record of all the data
in it.
The issues in directory can interrupt the process of reading
files on drive and thus it can be a factor for a slow Mac.
Low RAM: In mid-2012, the lowest
amount of RAM any Mac comes with is
2 GB which I think is too low to
serve the purpose. The OS X itself uses so much RAM that it restricts
many
applications and files you open, before virtual memory begins
paging memory to disk. This slows you down significantly if you are
working with a mechanical hard drive.
Low Free space on Disk:
In addition to RAM, your Mac also uses free memory on disk which is
called virtual memory. If your drive is falling short of required
amount of free space then it increases the waiting time and delays
the processes. In such situations a Mac cleaning software
can bring some help for slow Mac.
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